神经外科非计划性拔除深静脉导管的原因分析及护理对策

Objective: To explore the causes of unplanned extubation of deep venous catheter in the Department of Neurosurgery and nursing countermeasures. Methods: Retrospectively analyze the causes of unplanned extubation of deep venous catheter in neurosurgery department in 2012. Results: 228 cases of deep venous catheter were collected, 28 cases of unplanned extubation of deep venous catheter, 15 cases of suspected infection, accidental extubation in 5 cases, puncture liquid leaking in 3 cases and skin allergy in 2 cases. Conclusion: Nursing that did not follow the operating rule may result in unplanned removal of deep venous catheter during the period of indwelling deep venous catheter. Training of nursing staff, strict implementation of nursing operation rules and effective intervention of adverse factors can decrease the incidence of unplanned extubation.目的  探讨神经外科深静脉导管非计划性拔除的原因，并制定合理地护理对策。方法  回顾性分析2012年本科深静脉置管患者发生非计划性拔管的原因。结果  搜集228例深静脉置管患者，发生非计划性拔管28例，其中怀疑感染15例，意外拔管5例，穿刺处漏液3例，导管堵管3例，皮肤过敏2例。结论  留置深静脉导管期间任何一个护理环节不按操作规程进行，均可导致非计划性拔管。加强护理人员的培训，严格执行护理操作规程，有效干预不良因素，可以降低非计划性拔管的发生率

Generational dependency and elderly care : a psychological interpretation of cultural norms and exchange

ln spite of the complexity of such dynamic relationships in the caregiving system, the literature shows that dominant research paradigm has places elderly care in the framework of a simple, unqualified social exchange theory. The primary goal of this paper to critique research approach based on the social exchange theory. First, we wish to discuss how the exchange theory lies at the heart of the debate between the proponents and opponents of having family members as the primary care providers for elderly. We wish to review the basic assumptions that social exchange theory holds about caregiving relationships. Second, we suggest that focusing on the perceptions and expectations between the elderly person and his/her caretaker may instead be a more valuable approach to understanding the caregiving relationship. Here we submit that an example of the perception-expectation approach is reflected in the “secondary baby talk” between caregiver and the elderly. Third, we wish to discuss how such an approach may provide insight into a range of culturally variant behaviors for family members who are caring for elderly

Locating High-Impedance Fault Section in Electric Power Systems Using Wavelet Transform, k

High-impedance faults (HIFs) caused by downed conductors in electric power systems are in general difficult to be detected using traditional protection relays due to small fault currents. The energized downed conductor can pose a safety risk to the public and cause a fire hazard. This paper presents a new method for locating the line (feeder) section of the HIF with the help of limited measurements in electric power systems. The discrete wavelet transform is used to extract the features of transients caused by HIFs. A modified k-means algorithm associated with genetic algorithms is then utilized to determine the placement of measurement facilities. The signal energies attained by wavelet coefficients serve as inputs to the support vector machine for locating the HIF line section. The simulation results obtained from an 18-busbar distribution system show the applicability of the proposed method

Gender-specific association of MSA2756G with hypertension in patients attending a health facility in Ningxia Province, China

Purpose: To investigate the distribution of methionine synthase A2756G (MSA2756G) in the hypertensive patients in northwest Chinese population.Methods: A total of 378 unrelated hypertensive patients attending Ningxia Peoples Hospital, Ningxia Province, China, were recruited for this study. We analyzed genotype by amplication - created restriction sites (ACRS) and polymerase chain reaction - restrict fragment length polymorphism (PCR - RFLP) in hypertensive patients, and inspected the relation of the genotype with hypertension by χ2 and t test.Results: The frequency of G allele was 10.25 % in the control group and 14.04 % in hypertension group; it was not statistically different (p > 0.05). In the male group, the frequency of allele G was 11.50 % in control group, and 8.79 % in hypertension group. There was no significant difference between control and hypertension groups (p > 0.05). In the female group, the frequency of allele G was 9.00 %, in control and 19.54 % in hypertension group (p < 0.05), while in the hypertension group, allele G was 8.79 % in males which is significantly lower (p < 0.05) than in females (19.54 %) .Conclusion: Allele G of MSA2756G is a risk factor for hypertension in female in this Chinese population of this study.Keywords: Hypertension, Methionine synthase, Polymorphism, Gender, Amplification-created restriction sites, Allele G, MSA2756

Kiasu and creativity in Singapore: An empirical test of the situated dynamics framework

Ministry of Education, Singapore under its Academic Research Funding Tier

High-resolution Ultrasonography in Superficial Soft Tissue Tumors

Surgical removal and clinical follow-up of soft tissue masses are easily managed in clinical practice but are dependent on the experience of the clinician. Occasionally, however, a patient is referred from a local clinician to our clinic with an inoperable mass following a surgical procedure. We consider it important to fully understand the nature of the mass prior to surgery, thus avoiding unnecessary surgery in some cases. High-resolution ultrasonography has been widely applied in the musculoskeletal system over the past two decades and is very useful in evaluating the nature of superficial soft tissue masses. It enables the differentiation of benign and malignant masses and the detection of many different types of histology in superficial soft tissue masses. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the characteristic findings of high-resolution ultrasonography and color Doppler ultrasonography in superficial soft tissue tumors